Ardhanarishvara

Ardhanarishvara is a composite form of Shiva and Parvati represented as one body divided into male and female halves, with traditions that emphasise unity of masculine and feminine principles, wholeness, complementarity and non-duality. Images of Ardhanarishvara are commonly recognised through half-Shiva half-Parvati body, trident, lotus and combined iconography. The name is also encountered as Ardhanari. Some details change across sectarian, regional and temple traditions, which is important when writing an accurate overview. A useful treatment should separate mythology, theology and living practice: first outline the deity’s identity and principal narratives, then explain iconography and devotional significance, and finally note contemporary worship, festivals, temples and household customs where they are genuinely relevant.